用於引述資訊來源(according to + 人/機構/報導/數據)或表示依照規則、條件、標準(according to + 規則/計畫/程度;或 according to + wh- 子句,如 how/what)。可置於句首或句中。避免用來表達個人主觀意見(不自然的 according to me),且不可直接接 that 子句。
範例:
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According to the weather report, it will rain tomorrow.
根據天氣報告,明天會下雨。
常見錯誤
✗
According to me, we should start earlier.
✓
In my opinion, we should start earlier. / I think we should start earlier.
according to 通常用來引述「他人或外部來源」的資訊,不適合表達個人主觀意見。表達個人看法可用 In my opinion, I think, From my perspective 等。
✗
According to that he said, the test is next week.
✓
According to what he said, the test is next week. / According to his words, the test is next week.
according to 之後不可直接接 that 子句;若要表「根據他所說」,需用 what 引導(what he said)或改為名詞片語(his words / his statement)。
✗
The school will act according with the rules.
✓
The school will act according to the rules. / The school will act in accordance with the rules.
固定用法是 according to + 名詞;不能用 according with。若要較正式的語氣,可用 in accordance with。
同義詞與反義詞
同義
based on
(基於;根據)
語意接近,但 based on 常強調「判斷或設計的依據/理由」,而 according to 常用於「引述來源」或「依規則」。
同義
in accordance with
(依照;按照)
較正式,多用於規定、法律或官方文件;according to 較中性,口語與書面皆可。
同義
as per
(按照;依照)
非常書面/商業用語,常見於信件或指示;日常口語較少用,口語多用 according to。
同義
per
(依;按)
簡短且多見於書面規定(如 per school policy);語氣比 according to 更簡潔正式。
反義
contrary to
(與…相反)
語義相反:contrary to 表示結果或情況與某說法/期待相反;according to 表示依據某來源或規則。
反義
regardless of
(不管;不顧)
語用相反:regardless of 表示無視某標準/條件,而 according to 表示依照某標準/條件行事。