用來表示數量、金額、時間等的「合計/總共」。可放在句尾(最自然)或句首(句首需加逗號):There are 30 students in total. / In total, there are 30 students. 不可說 in total of;若要接數字置於名詞前,應用 a total of + 數字(例如:a total of 30 students)。也不要加冠詞 the(✗ in the total)。
範例:
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There are 36 students in our class in total.
我們班總共有36位學生。
常見錯誤
✗
There are in total of 30 students.
✓
There are 30 students in total. / There are a total of 30 students.
不能說 in total of。若要直接接數字並修飾名詞,需用 a total of;若放句尾則用 in total。
✗
There in total are 30 students.
✓
There are 30 students in total. / In total, there are 30 students.
in total 不可硬插在主語與動詞之間;常放句尾,或置於句首後加逗號以引出整句的總結。
✗
There are in the total 30 students.
✓
There are 30 students in total.
不可加冠詞 the。固定用法為 in total。
同義詞與反義詞
同義
in all
(總共)
最接近 in total,多用於口語與書面皆可,可互換。
同義
altogether
(總共;完全)
作「總共」時多與 in total 互換;但另有「完全、全然」之義(如 It’s altogether different.),語意較廣。