There is/are 的問答句
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南一 七上 Unit 4
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There is/are 的問答句

There is/are 的問答句

文法

文法摘要

•
掌握 There is/are 的問答句：用來表達「某處有沒有某物/人」
•
be 動詞與名詞數一致：單數/不可數用 is，複數用 are
•
Yes/No 問句把 be 動詞前移：Is/Are + there ...?
•
How many 問數量：How many + 複數名詞 + are there + 地方片語？
•
疑問句與否定句常用 any；肯定句多用 some

基本公式

Is + there + 單數名詞 + 介系詞片語/地方副詞？
用於單數可數名詞
範例：
Is there a park near your house?
你家附近有公園嗎？
Are + there + 複數名詞 + 介系詞片語/地方副詞？
用於複數可數名詞
範例：
Are there desks in the library?
圖書館裡有書桌嗎？
Is + there + any + 不可數名詞 + 介系詞片語？
不可數名詞用 is there any
範例：
Is there any milk in the fridge?
冰箱裡有牛奶嗎？
Are + there + any + 複數名詞 + 介系詞片語？
複數名詞的「有沒有」常用 any
範例：
Are there any buses at the station?
車站有公車嗎？
How many + 複數名詞 + are + there + 介系詞片語？
詢問數量時，How many 置前，are 放在 there 前
範例：
How many students are there in your class?
你們班有多少學生？

答句公式

Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
範例：
Yes, there is.
是的，有。
Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
範例：
Yes, there are.
是的，有。
There is + 單數名詞 + 介系詞片語/地方副詞。
範例：
There is a bookstore next to the school.
學校旁邊有一家書店。
There are + 數量詞 + 複數名詞 + 介系詞片語/地方副詞。
範例：
There are three chairs in the classroom.
教室裡有三張椅子。
There isn't any + 不可數名詞 + 介系詞片語。
範例：
There isn't any milk in the fridge.
冰箱裡沒有牛奶。
There aren't any + 複數名詞 + 介系詞片語。
範例：
There aren't any buses at the station now.
現在車站沒有公車。

常見錯誤

✗
Has a park near my house.
✓
There is a park near my house.
描述「某處有」要用 There is/are；has/has 表示主詞的擁有，缺少主詞會成為不完整句。
✗
There is three pens on the desk.
✓
There are three pens on the desk.
be 動詞要與後面名詞數一致：三支筆為複數，用 are。
✗
There are how many students in your class?
✓
How many students are there in your class?
How many 問句需置前，語序為「How many + 複數名詞 + are there + 地方片語」。
✗
There is a park near your house?
✓
Is there a park near your house?
Yes/No 問句需倒裝：把 be 動詞移到句首。
✗
There are any apples on the table.
✓
There are some apples on the table.
any 多用於否定與疑問；肯定句通常用 some。
✗
There isn't apples in the box.
✓
There aren't any apples in the box.
否定句複數名詞要用 aren't，且常加 any。
✗
Are there three cat in the room?
✓
Are there three cats in the room?
複數可數名詞需加 -s。
✗
There is in the box a toy.
✓
There is a toy in the box.
There be 結構中，名詞片語置於 be 後，地方介系詞片語通常放在句尾。

相似文法比較

vs. Have/has（擁有）vs. There is/are（存在/出現）

have/has 表示主詞擁有某物；There is/are 用來引入「某處有」的資訊，常搭配地方介系詞片語。
本文法（There is/are 的問答句）
There is a library in our school.
我們學校裡有一間圖書館。
對比文法（Have/has（擁有）vs. There is/are（存在/出現））
Our school has a library.
我們學校有一間圖書館。

vs. It is vs. There is/are

It is 用於指稱已知或特定的事物；There is/are 用於引進新事物並描述其存在位置。
本文法（There is/are 的問答句）
There is a cat under the table.
桌子底下有一隻貓。
對比文法（It is vs. There is/are）
It is under the table.
它在桌子底下。
出現於
南一·七上·Unit 4
康軒·七上·Unit 6
翰林·七上·Unit 6
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